↑ Agoncillo, Teodoro C. (1990) [1960], History of the Filipino People (ấn bản 8), Quezon City: Garotech Publishing, tr. 228, ISBN971-8711-06-6, "In their desperation, the American soldiers turned arsonists burning whole towns in order to force guerrillas to the open. One such infamous case occurred in the town of Balangiga, Samar, in 1901-1902."
1 2 Two participants[ai nói?] in the attack named the following persons as the chief organizers of the plot:
Pedro Abayan, Mayor of Balangiga
Adronico Balais, Vice Mayor
Valeriano Abanador, Chief of Police
Mariano Valdenor, Assistant Chief of Police
Captain Eugenio Diaz, Area Commander of General Lukban's fources for Southeastern Samar
Pedro Duran, a Sergeant under Diaz
Juan Salazar
Evangelista Gabornes, Councilor
Paulo Gavan Gacho
Other sources showed that, while General Lukban viewed Daza as the overall commander, Daza acknowledged Abanador's operational command of the attack.[1]
↑ There has been much heated discussion[ở đâu?] regarding the number of Filipino casualties, for which there are no reliable documentary records. Gen. Jacob H. Smith, who ordered the killing of every male over ten years old during the retaliatory campaign, was subject to court-martial for "conduct to the prejudice of good order and military discipline". Reprimanded but not formally punished, Smith was forced into retirement from the service because of his conduct.[5]
